Ancient Merv – the Pearl of the East
Currently, Turkmenistan is constantly carrying out large-scale work to preserve historical and cultural values, which are an integral part of the world. One of such monuments in the country is the State Cultural and Historical Reserve “Ancient Merv”. In 1999, Ancient Merv was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
This is one of the oldest and best-preserved oasis cities located on the Great Silk Road. Therefore, it is not surprising that in our days it attracts the attention of not only historians and archaeologists, but also many tourists from all over the world.
There are unique fortresses on the territory of Merv belonging to different periods. They differ from each other in size and degree of preservation. Erkgala (6th century BC), Gyavurgala (3rd century), Gyzgala (6th century), Soltangala (11th century), Abdylla Khan Fortress (15th century), Bayramali Khan Fortress (approximately 18th century).
Over the millennia, Merv became the largest city on trade routes to modern-day Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran, India, and other countries.
Merv developed over several centuries, reaching its peak in the early 12th century, when it became the largest city in the world. The Mausoleum of Sultan Sanjar, whose construction began in 1157, became a monument to Merv’s former greatness. During the reign of the Seljuks, Merv rose to magnificent heights, known for its prosperity, education, and hospitality. It is worth noting that the cities of the Merv oasis had a significant impact on the culture of Central Asia and the entire East for four millennia.
The Seljuk city had a significant impact on architecture and architectural design, as well as scientific and cultural development. The cities and fortresses of the Merv oasis, as well as the continuity of their urban plans, are excellent evidence of the existence of civilizations in Central Asia over several millennia.
Currently, asphalt roads have been laid in Merv for tourist vehicles, and individual buildings are being renovated. The mosque of Yusuf Hamedani is located there, which is constantly visited by pilgrims from our country and neighboring countries.
