{"id":25393,"date":"2024-02-19T19:18:53","date_gmt":"2024-02-19T19:18:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/karakum-colu\/"},"modified":"2025-07-21T14:06:40","modified_gmt":"2025-07-21T14:06:40","slug":"karakum-colu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/tk-tm\/karakum-colu\/","title":{"rendered":"Garagum \u00e7\u00f6li \u2013 \u00f6zbolu\u015fly bioulgam we tebigy g\u00f6zellikdir"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Garagum \u00e7\u00f6li \u00e7\u00e4gelik, mele toprak, to\u00fdunsow, da\u015fly, \u00e7agylly, \u015for topraklardan ybaratdyr. G\u00fcnortasy K\u00f6petdagy\u0148 g\u00f6zel j\u00fclgeleridir ga\u00fdalaryna dire\u00fd\u00e4n bu u\u00e7-gyraksyz d\u00fczl\u00fckde k\u00f6llerdir gurak subtropik \u00fderler, da\u015fly, to\u00fdunsow we gipsli d\u00fczl\u00fckler, \u00fcrg\u00fcn \u00e7\u00e4geli \u00fda\u00fdylyp \u00fdatan giden me\u00fddanlar gabat gel\u00fd\u00e4r. Merkezi we G\u00fcndogar Garagumy\u0148, Murgap we Tejen der\u00fdalaryny\u0148 t\u00f6weregini\u0148, Amyder\u00fdany\u0148 sag kenaryndaky Sandykly \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcni\u0148, \u00dc\u00e7tagan gumuny\u0148 topragy bir- birine me\u0148ze\u015fir\u00e4kdir. Amyder\u00fda, Murgap, Tejen der\u00fdalaryny\u0148 j\u00fclgelerini\u0148 arasyndaky, Bathyzdan we Garabilden demirgazykdaky, G\u00fcnorta-G\u00fcnbatar T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 \u00fda-da \u00fdurdumyzy\u0148 demirgazyk-g\u00fcndogar b\u00f6legini\u0148 \u00fderleri \u00fc\u00fdtge\u015fik \u00f6zbolu\u015fly land\u015fafty bilen tapawutlan\u00fdar.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00f6le bir gezek baryp g\u00f6ren adam\u00fd\u0148 g\u00f6wni hemi\u015fe j\u00f6wzaly \u00fcrg\u00fcn \u00e7\u00e4geli dym-dyrslygy isl\u00e4r, bu \u00fderde janly-jandarlar di\u0148e gijelerine herekete gel\u00fd\u00e4rler. Garagum \u00e7\u00e4gelerini\u0148 t\u00e4mizle\u00fd\u00e4n gum howasyny \u00fdatlany\u0148da duzly \u015femllary\u0148, \u00e7\u00f6l \u00f6s\u00fcmliklerini\u0148 ajymtyk ysy, az sanly mawy k\u00f6llerde biten gamy\u015flary\u0148 yg\u015fyldysy \u00fdada d\u00fc\u015f\u00fd\u00e4r. Merkezi Garagumda \u00fc\u00e7-gyraksyz gum depeleri \u00fda\u00fdylyp \u00fdatyr. Sarygamy\u015f, Ze\u0148\u0148i baba we be\u00fdleki k\u00f6lleri\u0148 t\u00f6weregind\u00e4ki g\u00f6\u00fdd\u00fck \u00f6s\u00fcmlikler demirgazyk \u00e7\u00f6ll\u00fcge mahsusdyr. Bu \u00fderde \u015forla\u015fan \u00fderlerden so\u0148 \u00f6zbolu\u015fly \u00e7\u00f6l je\u0148\u0148eliklerini d\u00f6red\u00fd\u00e4n ba\u015fy sele\u0148l\u00e4p duran ojarlar \u00f6s\u00fcp oturandyr.<\/p>\n

\u00ddene biraz wagtdan T\u00fcrkmenistany g\u00fcndogarsyndan g\u00fcnbataryna \u00e7enkli kesip ge\u00e7jek \u201cAmul-Hazar 2018\u201d halkara awtorallisine gatna\u015fyjylar Garagumy\u0148 bu g\u00f6zel ke\u015fbine mynasyp baha berip, tebigy g\u00f6zellikler we ge\u00e7en e\u00fd\u00fdamlary\u0148 arheologi\u00fda \u00fdadyg\u00e4rlikleri bilen tan\u015fyp bilerler. Olar se\u00fdrek du\u015f\u00fdan tebigy hadysalara, \u00fdatdan \u00e7ykmajak \u00e7\u00f6l \u015fapaklaryna we s\u00e4her-saba dogup gel\u00fd\u00e4n G\u00fcne syn edip bilerler, Garagumy\u0148 a\u015fa tapawutly gijeki we g\u00fcndizki howasyny, se\u00fdrek gabat gel\u00fd\u00e4n jandarlary\u0148 we \u00f6s\u00fcmlikleri\u0148 tebigy mekanyny g\u00f6rerler.<\/p>\n

Awtorallini\u0148 ge\u00e7\u00fd\u00e4n esasy ugry bolan Garagum \u00e7\u00f6li \u00dduNESKO-ny\u0148 B\u00fctind\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4 Tebigy mirasyny\u0148 sanawyna girizilm\u00e4ge mynasyp \u00f6zbolu\u015fly ekoulgam h\u00f6km\u00fcnde d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4 bilele\u015figini\u0148 \u00fcns\u00fcni \u00f6z\u00fcne \u00e7ekmelidir. \u00ddary\u015fa gatna\u015f\u00fdanlara terzi bozulmadyk \u00fdabany tebigaty\u0148 \u00e7\u00f6l \u00fderlerinden ge\u00e7m\u00e4ge se\u00fdrek m\u00fcmkin\u00e7ilik d\u00f6re\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n

Garagumy\u0148 \u00e7\u00e4ge depelerini\u0148 astynda gatan takyrlar, \u015forlan we kakap galan dykyz to\u00fdunlar, \u00e7agyl gatlaklary \u00fdatyr, k\u00e4te \u00fdum\u015fak \u015forluklar \u00fda-da \u00fcrg\u00fcn \u00e7\u00e4geler, harsa\u0148 \u00fderler gabat gel\u00fd\u00e4r. Olary basan ulgamlary en\u00e7eme kilometre uzap gid\u00fd\u00e4n orta\u00e7a gum depelerini\u0148 bo\u00fdy otuz metre \u00fdet\u00fd\u00e4r, k\u00e4te ondan-da be\u00fdik bolup biler.<\/p>\n

Howur urup duran \u015femal gyzgyn \u00e7\u00e4geleri k\u00f6wsarladyp, olary \u201coturan\u201d mekanyndan ba\u015fga \u00fderlere \u201cg\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fd\u00e4r\u201d. \u015eemal bilen asmana galan \u00e7\u00e4geler ondan- o\u0148a g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcp, ala\u0148lary\u0148 depesinde a\u00fdlanyp, altynsow gum depelerinden a\u015fak inip, t\u00f6weregi\u0148 ke\u015fbini \u00fc\u00fdtged\u00fd\u00e4r, howada \u00e7\u00e4geli \u00fcm\u00fcr d\u00f6redip, g\u00f6z\u00fdetimi bula\u015fyk perd\u00e4 b\u00fcre\u00fd\u00e4r, salgym d\u00f6redip, \u00fdolag\u00e7ylara al sal\u00fdar. G\u00fc\u00fd\u00e7li \u015femallar Merkezi Gargumy\u0148 orta\u00e7arak a\u0148\u0148ydyny alty metre \u00e7enli, d\u00fcz takyrlykda ondanam uzak aralyga s\u00fcr\u00fcp \u00e4kid\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00f6l tebigaty dur\u015fy bilen gapma-gar\u015fylyk: baharda d\u00fcrli elwan g\u00fcllerdir otlar misli halyny \u00fdatlatsa, tomsuna gurap gal\u00fdar, g\u00fc\u00fdzde ygal d\u00fc\u015fse- \u00fdene jana gir\u00fd\u00e4r, gy\u015fyna-da a\u0148zak sowukdan jansyz bir zada d\u00f6n\u00fd\u00e4r. \u00d6s\u00fcmlikleri\u0148 aglabasy gyzgyn howa, tomsu\u0148 gurak howasyna we a\u0148zak gy\u015fa gowy u\u00fdgunla\u015fypdyrlar, gurak \u00fderlerde \u00f6s\u00fd\u00e4n gysga m\u00f6ws\u00fcmli \u00f6s\u00fcmlikler tomsu\u0148 ba\u015fyna \u00e7enli tohum berip \u00fdeti\u015f\u00fd\u00e4rler.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcndogarda:\u201c\u00c7\u00f6li g\u00f6rmedik, \u00e4lemi bilmez\u201d \u2013di\u00fden s\u00f6z bar. Garagumy\u0148 j\u00fcmm\u00fc\u015finde gazylyp alyn\u00fdan pe\u00fddaly magdanlary\u0148 ba\u00fd \u00fdataklary bar, \u00fcsti suwsuz gurak bolsa-da, astynda suw gorlary \u00fdatyr. Toprak \u00f6wreniji alymlara \u00fder astyndaky suwu\u0148 s\u00fc\u00fdj\u00fcdigini \u00fda-da \u015fordugyny anyklamaga tebigaty\u0148 \u00f6zi k\u00f6mege gel\u00fd\u00e4r, esasy zat \u2013 \u00f6s\u00fcmliklere si\u0148\u0148in syn etmeli. Mysal \u00fc\u00e7in, ak sazak \u015for toprakda gura\u00fdar, gara sazak bolsa aram \u015for \u00fderlerde \u00fda\u00fdba\u0148 \u00f6s\u00fcp oturandyr. Galofitler \u2013 \u00fdow\u015fan we \u015fora \u00fderasty suwu\u0148 \u015forlugyny, gyrymsy ownuk otlar s\u00fc\u00fdji suwu\u0148 bardygyny g\u00f6rkez\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 \u00e7\u00f6lleri tebigy goraghanalaryny\u0148 ikisinde \u00f6wrenil\u00fd\u00e4r. Repetek biosfera goraghanasy indi 90 \u00fdyldan gowrak wagt b\u00e4ri i\u015fl\u00e4p gel\u00fd\u00e4r, bu \u00fderd\u00e4ki \u00f6s\u00fcmlikleri\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7den bir b\u00f6legi \u2013 \u00fderli \u00f6s\u00fcmlik d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4sini\u0148 \u00f6zbolu\u015fly g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fleridir, altysy bolsa \u2013 \u00e7\u00e4gi dar endemiklerdir. S\u00fc\u00fddemdirijilerden gemrijiler, s\u00fc\u00fdrenjilerden \u2013 patmalar, s\u00e4hra py\u015fdyly we ok \u00fdylan has k\u00f6pd\u00fcr. D\u00fcrli m\u00f6ws\u00fcmlerde gu\u015flary\u0148 \u00fd\u00fczler\u00e7e g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fi, o\u0148urgasyzlary\u0148 \u00fd\u00fcz g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fi gabat gel\u00fd\u00e4r. Repetegi\u0148 d\u00f6re\u00fdi\u015f taryhy \u00fd\u00fcz \u00fdyldanam a\u015f\u00fdar. Bu \u00f6zbolu\u015fly \u00e7\u00f6l ylmy merkezini \u00f6z wagtynda Rus Imperator geografi\u00fda jemgy\u00fdeti we onu\u0148 wise-prezidenti – tanymal sy\u00fdahat\u00e7y P. P. Sem\u00fdonow-T\u00fdan-\u015eanski\u00fd d\u00f6redipdi. So\u0148raky d\u00f6w\u00fcrlerde bu \u00fderde toprak \u00f6wreniji alym W.W. Doku\u00e7a\u00fdew, geolog we geografi\u00fda\u00e7y W. A. Obru\u00e7ew, rus genetikasyny\u0148 \u201catasy\u201d N. I. Wawilow, minerolog A. G. Fersman, geomorfolog B.A. F\u00fdodorowi\u00e7, A\u015fgabatda \u00e7\u00f6lleri \u00f6wrenmek we \u00f6zle\u015fdirmek bo\u00fdun\u00e7a \u00f6zbolu\u015fly ylmy-barlag institutyny\u0148 d\u00fc\u00fdb\u00fcni tutan A.G. Baba\u00fdew, \u00fdazyjy J. Darrel, \u015fe\u00fdle hem biolog N.N.Drozdow dagy i\u015fl\u00e4pdiler.<\/p>\n

Be\u00fdlekisi 2013-nji \u00fdylda Ahal wela\u00fdatyny\u0148 demirgazygynda 87 m\u00fc\u0148 gektardan gowrak \u00fderde d\u00f6redilen Bereketli Garagum \u00e7\u00f6l goraghanasydyr. Tebigy ekologi\u00fda ulgamda \u00e7\u00e4gelik, to\u00fdunsow we \u015forluk \u00e7\u00f6ller, \u015fe\u00fdle hem olary\u0148 gary\u015fyk \u00fderleri bolup, olar \u00fctelgini\u0148 esasy h\u00f6w\u00fcrtgele\u00fd\u00e4n \u00fderleridir. Tebigaty goral\u00fdan \u00fderlerde T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 Gyzyl kitabyna girizilen b\u00fcrg\u00fct, \u00e7akyryk, ke\u00fdik du\u015f gel\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu \u00fderde sogdian \u00e7igildemi, delil gandym, Maksimowi\u00e7i\u0148 si\u0148reni, garagum \u00e7omujy \u00fdaly \u00f6zbolu\u015fly \u00e7\u00f6l \u00f6s\u00fcmliklerini\u0148 gymmatly g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fleri bar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Garagum \u00e7\u00f6li \u00e7\u00e4gelik, mele toprak, to\u00fdunsow, da\u015fly, \u00e7agylly, \u015for topraklardan ybaratdyr. G\u00fcnortasy K\u00f6petdagy\u0148 g\u00f6zel j\u00fclgeleridir ga\u00fdalaryna dire\u00fd\u00e4n bu u\u00e7-gyraksyz d\u00fczl\u00fckde k\u00f6llerdir gurak subtropik \u00fderler, da\u015fly, to\u00fdunsow we gipsli d\u00fczl\u00fckler, \u00fcrg\u00fcn \u00e7\u00e4geli \u00fda\u00fdylyp \u00fdatan giden me\u00fddanlar gabat gel\u00fd\u00e4r. Merkezi we G\u00fcndogar Garagumy\u0148,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24918,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[113,101],"tags":[114,109,111],"class_list":["post-25393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tebigat","category-101","tag-asgabat-we-towerek","tag-isjenlik","tag-tebigat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/tk-tm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/tk-tm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/tk-tm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/tk-tm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/tk-tm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25393"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/tk-tm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25393\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28058,"href":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/tk-tm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25393\/revisions\/28058"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/tk-tm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24918"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/tk-tm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/tk-tm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/co-travels.com\/tk-tm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}